| Catalog Number | ACMA00033541 |
| Application | 路Preparation of inorganic acids and bases 路Flue gas desulfurization |
| Color Form | Off-White/Beige |
| Feature | Acid permeability |
| Moisture Content | 35%-43% |
| Notice For Use | 路Soak in 5% NaCl solution for 24 hours for pretreatment 路Use under humid conditions to avoid dryness 路Avoid excessive bending, folding and close to sharp objects 路Store in 1-76% sodium chloride solution and avoid light 路Avoid use in solutions containing oils, oxidizing substances (concentrated nitric acid, perchloric acid, etc.) and ionic high molecular weight organic compounds (surfactants, etc.) |
| pH Range | 1.0-14 |
| Selectivity | 90%-95% |
| Sheet Resistance | <2饾浐路cm2 |
| Size | We can provide special customized size according to your requirement |
| Specification | Single Sheet |
| Thermal Stability | 5掳C-120掳C |
| Thickness | 150饾渿m-250饾渿m |
| Type | Bipolar |
Oener S Z, et al. Science, 2020, 369(6507), 1099-1103.
When sufficient bias is applied on the BPM, isolytic water dissociation (WD) occurs at the AEL/CEL interface, with H+ driving through the CEL and OH- driving through the AEL. This work reports on the use of a BPM electrolyzer to measure WD kinetics for about 40 metal and metal oxide nanoparticle assemblies composed of about 30 different materials.
路 It was observed that the efficiency of WD (畏wd) was not greatly affected by loading once the membrane was coated with approximately 100 to 200 nm of WD catalyst. Surface chemistry and protonation states of metal-oxide surfaces, being polyacids and/or polybases, were found to be influenced by pH, potentially impacting WD kinetics.
路 The acidic environment of the CEL surface contrasted with the alkaline AEL surface. By utilizing chemically stable WD catalysts on one surface while varying the catalyst on the other surface, a study was conducted to analyze WD catalysis under specific local pH conditions.
路 The point of zero charge (PZC) of each oxide was measured to evaluate acid-base properties. It was observed that when Sb:SnO2 was placed on the acidic CEL, WD catalysts with basic PZCs, like NiO, were the most effective on the basic AEL. Conversely, when NiO was on the basic AEL, WD catalysts with acidic PZCs (e.g., IrO2 or SnO2) showed optimal performance on the acidic CEL. These relationships were more noticeable at higher current densities and increased 畏wd.
Eisaman M D, et al. Energy & Environmental Science, 2012, 5(6): 7346-7352.
The bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) technique can be used to efficiently extract CO2 from seawater. The results show that BPMED can extract 59% of the total dissolved inorganic carbon from seawater as CO2 gas with an electrochemical energy consumption of 242 kJ mol -1 (CO2).
Custom-designed BPMED equipment and unit
路 The BPMED device consists of a nine-cell membrane stack that converts input seawater into two separate output streams: acidified seawater and alkalized seawater.
路 The BPMED consists of the following components: alkalizing solution chamber, bipolar membrane (BPM), acidifying solution chamber, and anion exchange membrane (AEM). In detail, at each end of the membrane stack, a cation exchange membrane (CEM) is used to separate the membrane stack from electrode compartment.
路 The ACS and CMX-S membranes are designed specifically to transport monovalent anions and cations, respectively. The electrodes are made of titanium with an iridium-ruthenium coating (custom electrodes). The spaces between the neighboring membranes are packed with polyethylene mesh spacers that are 762 mm thick, and these spaces are sealed to prevent leaks by using EPDM rubber gaskets that are 794 mm thick under axial pressure. Each membrane within the stack has an active area of 180 cm2.
What are bipolar membranes (BPMs) composed of?
Bipolar membranes are composed of two layers: a negatively charged cation-exchange layer (CEL) and a positively charged anion-exchange layer (AEL).
What is the main function of a BPM?
The main function of a BPM is a disproportionation reaction, where water is electro-dissociated into protons and hydroxide ions at the bipolar junction.
How is water dissociation in BPMs different from water splitting in electrolysis?
Water dissociation in BPMs occurs within the membrane without any gas formation, whereas water splitting in electrolysis occurs at electrodes.
What are some methods used to study water dissociation and ion transfer in membranes?
Various methods such as voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and measuring ion transport numbers in the membranes can be used to study water dissociation and ion transfer in membranes.
How are the mechanical properties of IEMs determined?
The bursting strength and tensile strength of IEMs are usually measured using a Mullen tester and a Schopper's tension tester, respectively.
Why is shear stress analysis needed for bipolar membranes?
Shear stress analysis may be needed for bipolar membranes due to the presence of an interface between monolayers.
What are some possible causes of spontaneous delamination in membranes?
Possible causes of spontaneous delamination in membranes include high pressure in the bipolar junction, loss of fixed charges in the monopolar layers, and high rates of ion recombination.
What is transmittance in the context of BPMs?
Transmittance refers to the ability of BPMs to allow sunlight to pass through, which is important for certain applications such as water photo-electrolysis.
How much visible light can specially prepared BPMs transmit?
Specially prepared BPMs for water photo-electrolysis can transmit up to 75% of visible light.
What is the novel environmentally friendly technology that commercial BPMs have been examined for?
Commercial BPMs have been examined for water photo-electrolysis, which is a novel environmentally friendly technology.
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is a system that combines electrodialysis (ED) and bipolar membrane (BPM), developed for its ability to convert anions and cations into acids and bases, respectively.
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